Learn A1 English: How to Form 'Be' Negative Sentences and Questions — A1 English grammar lesson by Langcom

Learn A1 English: How to Form ‘Be’ Negative Sentences and Questions

Raúl Maguiña

Fondateur de Langcom | Examinateur pour les examens de Cambridge et du SIELE

septembre 6, 2026

A1✏️ Grammaire⏱️ 4 min de lecture
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To make sentences with the verb be negative, we add not after is ou are. Par exemple, He is not from Spain ou They are not happy. We often use contractions like isn’t et aren’t. To ask a ‘yes/no’ question, we change the word order: Is ou Are comes before the subject. For instance, Is she a student? ou Are they friends? For ‘Wh-‘ questions, the ‘Wh-‘ word comes first, then is ou are, then the subject, as in Where is he from? et Who are they? Short answers use the verb be without contractions for positive answers, like Yes, he is, but use contractions for negative ones, like No, she isn’t.

How do we make ‘be’ negative for ‘he’, ‘she’, and ‘they’?

To make a sentence negative with the verb be, we simply add the word not after is ou are.

  • For he et she, we use is not.
  • For they, we use are not.

We often use shorter forms called contractions in everyday English. These are:

  • is not becomes isn’t
  • are not becomes aren’t

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How do we ask 'yes/no' questions with 'be'?

To ask a question that can be answered with 'yes' or 'no', we change the word order of the sentence. We put Is ou Are at the beginning.

  • La structure est la suivante : Is/Are + subject (he/she/they) + rest of the sentence?

When someone asks a 'yes/no' question with be, you can give a short answer.

  • Pour les réponses positives, utilisez Yes, + subject + is/are. Do not use contractions here.
  • Pour les réponses négatives, utilisez No, + subject + isn't/aren't. We usually use contractions here.

How do we ask 'Wh-' questions with 'be'?

'Wh-' questions ask for specific information, not just 'yes' or 'no'. Common 'Wh-' words include who, what, where, et when.

  • La structure est la suivante : Wh- word + is/are + subject (he/she/they) + rest of the sentence?
Summary of 'Be' Forms for He, She, They
Objet Positive Negative Yes/No Question Wh- Question Example
He He is happy. He isn't happy. Is he happy? Where is he?
She She is a student. She isn't a student. Is she a student? Who is she?
They They are friends. They aren't friends. Are they friends? What are they?

Exemples

  • He isn't from Italy.
  • She is not a doctor.
  • They aren't sad.
  • Is he happy? Yes, he is.
  • Is she a teacher? No, she isn't.
  • Are they students? Yes, they are.
  • Where is he?
  • Who is she?
  • What are they?

Entraînement

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Erreurs courantes chez les hispanophones

Erreurs courantes chez les hispanophones

When learning English, Spanish speakers sometimes make specific mistakes with be negative and questions:

  • Missing Subject Pronoun: In Spanish, you often don't need a subject pronoun. In English, you always need one.
    • Incorrect : Is happy?
    • Correct : Is he happy?
  • Incorrect Word Order for Questions: In English, the verb be moves to the beginning for questions.
    • Incorrect : He is happy?
    • Correct : Is he happy?
  • Using Contractions in Positive Short Answers: We do not use contractions for positive short answers.
    • Incorrect : Yes, he's.
    • Correct : Yes, he is.
  • 'Not' in the Wrong Place: Le mot not always comes after is ou are.
    • Incorrect : Not he is happy.
    • Correct : He is not happy. ou He isn't happy.

Questions fréquemment posées

What does the verb 'be' mean?

The verb be means "ser" or "estar" in Spanish. It helps us talk about who someone is, what something is, where someone is, or how someone feels.

Why do we use contractions like 'isn't' and 'aren't'?

Contractions are very common in spoken English and in informal writing. They make sentences sound more natural and help you speak more quickly.

Can I always say 'is not' or 'are not' instead of 'isn't' or 'aren't'?

Yes, you can. The full forms is not et are not are always correct. They are often used in more formal writing or when you want to emphasize the 'not'.

Do these rules apply to 'I' and 'you' too?

Yes, the basic idea is similar. For I, on utilise am not (I'm not) and for questions, Am I...? For you, on utilise are not (you aren't) and for questions, Are you...?

Leçons associées

À propos de l'auteur : Raúl Maguiña

Raúl Maguiña est le directeur de l'Asociación Educativa Langcom, un centre agréé de préparation à l'examen Cambridge English situé à votre pays. Fort de plus d'une décennie d'expérience dans l'enseignement des langues et les certifications internationales, il a aidé des milliers d'étudiants, d'enseignants et d'établissements d'enseignement dans 25 pays à obtenir les certifications d'anglais Cambridge, IELTS, TOEFL et Michigan.

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