Possessive Adjectives in English: A Simple A1 Grammar Guide — A1 English grammar lesson by Langcom

Possessive Adjectives in English: A Simple A1 Grammar Guide

Raúl Maguiña

Fundador da Langcom | Examinador dos exames de Cambridge e SIELE

setembro 6, 2026

A1✏️ Gramática⏱️ 3 minutos de leitura📅 Updated setembro 2026
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Possessive adjectives show who owns something or who something belongs to. They come before a noun. For example, my book means the book belongs to me. These words are essential for basic communication in English. You use them to describe relationships, belongings, and characteristics. Learning my, your, his, her, its, our, e their correctly will help you make clear sentences. They are different from subject pronouns like I ou you. Always remember to put the possessive adjective *before* the noun.

What Are Possessive Adjectives?

Possessive adjectives are small words. They tell us about ownership or connection. They answer the question: Whose?

  • They always come before a noun.
  • They do not change their form, no matter if the noun is singular or plural.

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How Do We Use Possessive Adjectives?

We use possessive adjectives to show that something belongs to someone or something. They describe the noun that follows.

  • Por exemplo, This is my car. (The car belongs to me.)
  • Another example: She likes her new bag. (The bag belongs to her.)

Possessive Adjectives and Subject Pronouns

Each possessive adjective matches a subject pronoun. Look at the table to see the pairs.

When to Use Each Possessive Adjective?

  • Uso my for I: This is my phone.
  • Uso your for you: Is this your book?
  • Uso his for he: That is his brother.
  • Uso her for she: Her name is Maria.
  • Uso its for it (things or animals): The dog likes its toy.
  • Uso our for we: This is our house.
  • Uso their for they: They live with their parents.
Subject Pronouns and Their Possessive Adjectives
Subject Pronoun Possessive Adjective
I my
You your
He his
She her
It its
We our
They their

Exemplos

  • I like my new shoes.
  • What is your favorite color?
  • He plays with his dog every day.
  • She loves her family very much.
  • The cat is sleeping in its bed.
  • We are proud of our team.
  • They are visiting their grandparents.

Prática

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Erros comuns entre falantes de espanhol

Spanish speakers often make these mistakes:

  • Using subject pronouns instead of possessive adjectives: In Spanish, you might say "Yo libro" (incorrect) or "mi libro." In English, always use the possessive adjective: I have my book. (NÃO I have I book.)
  • Confuso his, her, its, e their with "su": In Spanish, "su" can mean his, her, its, ou their. In English, you must choose the correct one based on who owns the item. For example, He has his car. (NÃO He has her car. if it's his car).
  • Confuso its e it's: Its is a possessive adjective. It shows possession (e.g., The dog wagged its tail.). It's is a contraction of it is ou it has (e.g., It's a beautiful day.).

Perguntas frequentes

What is the difference between 'my' and 'mine'?

My is a possessive adjective. It comes before a noun (e.g., my book). Mine is a possessive pronoun. It replaces the noun (e.g., That book is mine.).

Do possessive adjectives change for plural nouns?

No, possessive adjectives do not change. For example, you say my car (singular) and my cars (plural). The word my stays the same.

Can I use a possessive adjective without a noun?

No, you cannot. Possessive adjectives always need a noun after them. For example, you must say This is my bag. You cannot say This is my.

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Sobre o autor: Raúl Maguiña

Raúl Maguiña é diretor da Asociación Educativa Langcom, um centro autorizado de preparação para o Cambridge English em seu país. Com mais de uma década de experiência no ensino de idiomas e em certificações internacionais, ele já ajudou milhares de alunos, professores e instituições de ensino em 25 países a obter as certificações de inglês da Cambridge, IELTS, TOEFL e Michigan.

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