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What Are Plural Nouns?

In English, nouns can be singular or plural. A singular noun means there is only one of something. A plural noun means there is more than one.

• One book (singular)
• Two books (plural)

It is important to use the correct form to show quantity.

How Do We Make Most Nouns Plural?

For most nouns in English, we simply add -s to the end of the word.

• dog → dogs
• table → tables
• car → cars
• flower → flowers

What About Nouns Ending in -s, -ss, -x, -ch, -sh?

When a noun ends with -s, -ss, -x, -ch, または -sh, we add -es to make it plural. This makes the word easier to say.

• bus → buses
• dress → dresses
• box → boxes
• watch → watches
• brush → brushes

Nouns Ending in -y?

If a noun ends in -y and the letter before -y is a consonant (like b, d, r, t), we change the -y ～へ -i and add -es.

• baby → babies
• city → cities
• party → parties

But if the letter before -y is a vowel (like a, e, i, o, u), we just add -s.

• toy → toys
• day → days

Irregular Plural Nouns: Special Cases

Some nouns do not follow the regular rules. They change their form in different ways or stay the same. You need to learn these special words.

• man → men
• woman → women
• child → children
• foot → feet
• tooth → teeth
• mouse → mice

Some nouns have the same singular and plural form:

• sheep → sheep
• fish → fish

Common Plural Noun Rules

Rule	Singular Example	Plural Example
Add -s	book	books
Add -es	bus	buses
-y to -ies	baby	babies
Irregular	man	men
No Change	sheep	sheep

例

• I have two brothers and one sister.
• There are many buses in the city.
• The children are playing with their toys.
• My feet are tired after walking all day.
• She bought three new dresses for the parties.

練習

スペイン語話者がよく犯す間違い

Spanish speakers sometimes make common mistakes with English plural nouns:

• Adding -s to all nouns: 必ず次のものを使用してください -es for words ending in -s, -ss, -x, -ch, -sh.
  ✗ Two bus.
  ✓ Two buses.
• Not changing -y ～へ -ies: If a noun ends in -y after a consonant, it changes.
  ✗ Many citys.
  ✓ Many cities.
• Forgetting irregular forms: Irregular plurals must be memorized.
  ✗ Three mans.
  ✓ Three men.

よくある質問

What is the most common way to make a noun plural in English?

The most common way is to add -s to the end of the noun. For example, apple ～になる apples.

When do I add -es instead of -s?

You add -es when a noun ends in -s, -ss, -x, -ch, または -sh. 例えば、, fox ～になる foxes.

Are there any nouns that do not change in the plural form?

Yes, some nouns have the same form for both singular and plural. Common examples for A1 are sheep そして fish.

How do I know if a noun is irregular?

Irregular nouns do not follow the standard rules. You need to learn them by heart. Examples include man/men そして child/children.

関連レッスン

• Plural nouns
• Plural nouns