A1 English: Essential Family Vocabulary for Beginners — A1 English vocabulary lesson by Langcom

A1 English: Essential Family Vocabulary for Beginners

Raúl Maguiña

Fondatore di Langcom | Esaminatore per Cambridge e SIELE

Luglio 25, 2026

A1📚 Vocabolario⏱️ 4 min di lettura
Learning family vocabulary helps you talk about the most important people in your life. In English, we have specific words for each family member, like mother, father, brother, e sister. Understanding these words is a key step for A1 English learners to describe their own family and understand others. This lesson will introduce you to the most common family terms, explain their meanings, and show you how to use them in simple sentences. You will learn how to identify direct family members and talk about relationships clearly and correctly.

Who is in Your Immediate Family?

Your immediate family includes your closest relatives. These are the people you usually live with or see very often.

  • Il tuo mother is your female parent. Her name is Maria.
  • Il tuo father is your male parent. My father likes to read.
  • Il tuo parents sono i tuoi mother e father insieme. My parents are very kind.
  • A son is a male child. They have one son.
  • A daughter is a female child. She is their daughter.
  • Il tuo children sono i tuoi sons e daughters. I have two children.
  • A brother is a male sibling. Do you have a brother?
  • A sister is a female sibling. My sister is older than me.

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What About Your Parents’ Spouses?

These words describe people who are married.

  • A husband is a married man. He is her husband.
  • A wife is a married woman. My wife works in a hospital.

How Do We Talk About Extended Family?

Extended family includes other relatives, like your parents’ parents or your parents’ siblings.

  • Il tuo grandfather è il tuo mother’s father or your father’s father. My grandfather is 80 years old.
  • Il tuo grandmother è il tuo mother’s mother or your father’s mother. My grandmother loves to cook.
  • Il tuo grandparents sono i tuoi grandfathers e grandmothers. I visit my grandparents every Sunday.
  • An aunt è il tuo mother’s sister or your father’s sister. My aunt lives in another city.
  • An uncle è il tuo mother’s brother or your father’s brother. My uncle is a doctor.
  • A cousin è il figlio del tuo aunt oppure uncle. I have many cousins.

How to Ask About Family?

You can use simple questions to ask about someone’s family.

  • To ask about siblings: Do you have any brothers or sisters?
  • To ask about parents: Are your parents well?
  • To ask about children: Do you have any children?
  • To ask about a spouse: Is your husband/wife here?
Essential Family Vocabulary (A1)
Family Member Relationship
Mother Female parent
Father Male parent
Parents Mother and father
Son Male child
Daughter Female child
Children Sons and daughters
Brother Male sibling
Sister Female sibling
Husband Married man
Wife Married woman
Grandfather Parent’s father
Grandmother Parent’s mother
Grandparents Grandfather and grandmother
Aunt Parent’s sister
Uncle Parent’s brother
Cousin Child of an aunt or uncle

Esempi

  • My mother and father are called my parents.
  • I have one brother and one sister.
  • She has two children: a son and a daughter.
  • My aunt and uncle are coming to visit.
  • He is my cousin, the son of my father’s sister.
  • My grandparents live in a big house.
  • Her husband is very tall.
  • My wife and I like to travel.

Esercitazione

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Errori comuni per chi parla spagnolo

Common Mistakes for Spanish Speakers

  • Confusing ‘Parents’ and ‘Relatives’: In Spanish, ‘parientes’ means ‘relatives’. But in English, parents only means mother e father. Do not say My parents are my aunt and uncle. Say My relatives are my aunt and uncle.
  • Using ‘Child’ for Adults: In Spanish, ‘hijo/a’ can refer to an adult son or daughter. In English, child usually refers to a young person. For adults, use son oppure daughter. Do not say My child is 30 years old. Say My son/daughter is 30 years old.
  • Gender for ‘Cousin’: In Spanish, ‘primo/prima’ changes for gender. In English, cousin is used for both male and female. Do not say He is my male cousin. Just say He is my cousin.

Domande frequenti

What is the difference between ‘mother’ and ‘mom’?

Mother is the formal word. Mom is informal and common in everyday speech, especially in American English. Both mean the same person.

How do I say ‘my parents’ in English?

Tu dici my parents. This word refers to both your mother and your father.

Can ‘children’ mean adult sons and daughters?

No, children usually means young people. For adult sons and daughters, use sons e daughters, oppure adult children if you need to specify.

What is a ‘sibling’?

A sibling is a formal word for a brother or a sister. You can say I have two siblings instead of I have one brother and one sister.

Lezioni correlate

Informazioni sull'autore: Raúl Maguiña

Raúl Maguiña è il direttore dell’Asociación Educativa Langcom, un centro autorizzato di preparazione all’esame Cambridge English con sede a STATI UNITI D'AMERICA. Con oltre un decennio di esperienza nel campo dell'insegnamento delle lingue e delle certificazioni internazionali, ha aiutato migliaia di studenti, insegnanti e istituti scolastici in 25 paesi a ottenere le certificazioni di inglese Cambridge, IELTS, TOEFL e Michigan.

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