A1 English Grammar: What's...? and It's... (Contractions) — A1 English grammar lesson by Langcom

A1 English Grammar: What’s…? and It’s… (Contractions)

Raúl Maguiña

Fundador da Langcom | Examinador dos exames de Cambridge e SIELE

setembro 6, 2026

A1✏️ Gramática⏱️ 3 minutos de leitura
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What’s e It’s are short forms, called ‘contractions’, of What is e It is. We use them every day in English to ask and answer simple questions quickly and naturally. For example, you can ask What’s your name? and answer It’s Maria. These contractions make your English sound more fluent and are very common in spoken language. They help you communicate clearly about basic information like names, objects, colors, or time. Remember to use an apostrophe ( ‘ ) when you write them. This apostrophe shows that a letter is missing. Mastering What’s e It’s is a fundamental step for A1 learners to build confidence in everyday conversations.

What are ‘What’s’ and ‘It’s’?

What’s e It’s are contractions. A contraction is a short way to say or write two words together.

  • What’s is the short form of What is.
  • It’s is the short form of It is.

We use an apostrophe ( ‘ ) to show that a letter is missing. This makes speaking and writing faster and more natural.

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How Do We Use 'What's'?

Utilizamos What's...? to ask about things, names, or information.

  • It is a common way to start questions in English.
  • You can ask about a person's name, an object, or a situation.

Pense em What's...? as asking 'What is this thing?' or 'What is the name of this?'.

How Do We Use 'It's'?

Utilizamos It's... to give an answer about a thing, a name, or a situation.

  • It is a common way to start an answer.
  • You use It's when the subject of your answer is 'it'.

For example, if someone asks What's your name?, you can answer It's [your name].

Common Uses of What's...? and It's...

You will hear and use these contractions often in daily conversations.

  • Asking for names:
    What's your name?
    It's Carlos.
  • Asking about objects:
    What's this?
    It's a book.
  • Asking about colors:
    What's your favorite color?
    It's blue.
  • Asking about time:
    What's the time?
    It's three o'clock.
Contractions: Short Forms
Full Form Contraction
What is What's
It is It's

Exemplos

  • What's your first name? It's Julissa.
  • What's the name of your college? It's Hunter College.
  • What's your email address? It's [email protected].
  • What's your last name? It's Mendes.
  • What's the name of your company? It's Altar Homes.

Prática

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Erros comuns entre falantes de espanhol

A very common mistake for learners is forgetting the apostrophe ( ' ). The apostrophe is important because it shows that letters are missing.

  • Incorreto: Whats your name?
    Correto: What's your name?
  • Incorreto: Its a pen.
    Correto: It's a pen.

Remember, its (without an apostrophe) is a possessive word, like 'his' or 'her'. For example: The dog wagged its tail. This is different from It's (it is).

Perguntas frequentes

Why do English speakers use 'What's' and 'It's' instead of 'What is' and 'It is'?

English speakers use What's e It's because they are quicker and sound more natural in everyday conversation. They are common contractions.

Can I always use 'What's' and 'It's'?

Yes, for A1 level, you can almost always use What's e It's in questions and answers. In very formal writing, you might use the full forms What is e It is, but contractions are fine for most situations.

What is the difference between 'It's' and 'Its'?

It's (with an apostrophe) is a contraction of It is ou It has. Its (without an apostrophe) shows possession, meaning 'belonging to it', like in The cat ate its food.

Sobre o autor: Raúl Maguiña

Raúl Maguiña é diretor da Asociación Educativa Langcom, um centro autorizado de preparação para o Cambridge English em seu país. Com mais de uma década de experiência no ensino de idiomas e em certificações internacionais, ele já ajudou milhares de alunos, professores e instituições de ensino em 25 países a obter as certificações de inglês da Cambridge, IELTS, TOEFL e Michigan.

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