What are Some-, Any-, Every-, e No-?
These words are called indefinite pronouns or adverbs. They refer to people, things, or places without saying exactly who, what, or where they are.
We use them to talk about quantities in different types of sentences: positive, negative, or questions.
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When do we use Some-?
Utilizziamo some- words in positive sentences. They mean 'an unspecified amount or number'.
- Utilizzo someone oppure somebody for people. Example: Someone is at the door.
- Utilizzo something for things. Example: I need something to drink.
- Utilizzo somewhere for places. Example: Let's go somewhere nice.
Utilizziamo inoltre some- words in questions when we expect a 'yes' answer, or when we are offering or requesting something.
When do we use Any-?
Utilizziamo any- words mainly in questions and negative sentences. They mean 'no matter who, what, or where'.
- Utilizzo anyone oppure anybody for people. Example: Is anyone home? oppure I don't see anyone.
- Utilizzo anything for things. Example: Do you have anything to eat? oppure She didn't say anything.
- Utilizzo anywhere for places. Example: Can we go anywhere? oppure I can't find my keys anywhere.
When do we use Every-?
Utilizziamo every- words to talk about all people, things, or places in a group. They mean 'all' or 'each one'.
- Utilizzo everyone oppure everybody for people. Example: Everyone is happy today.
- Utilizzo everything for things. Example: Everything is ready for the party.
- Utilizzo everywhere for places. Example: I looked everywhere for my phone.
When do we use No-?
Utilizziamo no- words in positive sentences to give them a negative meaning. They mean 'zero' or 'not any'.
- Utilizzo no one oppure nobody for people. Example: No one came to the meeting.
- Utilizzo nothing for things. Example: I have nothing to do.
- Utilizzo nowhere for places. Example: There's nowhere to sit.
Remember, we do not use no- words with a negative verb (like don't oppure isn't). This creates a double negative, which is incorrect in standard English.
| Category | <span data-no-translation>Some-</span> | <span data-no-translation>Any-</span> | <span data-no-translation>Every-</span> | <span data-no-translation>No-</span> |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| People | someone / somebody | anyone / anybody | everyone / everybody | no one / nobody |
| Things | something | anything | everything | nothing |
| Places | somewhere | anywhere | everywhere | nowhere |
| Usage | Positive sentences, offers, requests | Questions, negative sentences | All people/things/places | Zero people/things/places (with positive verb) |
Esempi
- I saw someone at the park.
- Do you have anything interesting to read?
- Everyone enjoyed the concert.
- She found her keys nowhere in the house.
- Would you like something to drink?
- I didn't go anywhere last weekend.
- Everything will be fine.
- There is nothing in the fridge.
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A common mistake for Spanish speakers is using a double negative. In Spanish, you might say "No tengo nada." (literally "I don't have nothing"). However, in English, you must choose one negative word:
- Errato: I don't have nothing.
- Corretto: I have nothing. (Using no- word with a positive verb)
- Corretto: I don't have anything. (Using any- word with a negative verb)
Always use only one negative word in an English sentence.
Domande frequenti
What is the main difference between some- e any-?
Utilizziamo some- words in positive sentences, offers, and requests. We use any- words in questions and negative sentences.
Can I use somebody anziché someone?
Sì, somebody e someone mean the same thing and are interchangeable. The same applies to anybody/anyone e everybody/everyone, e nobody/no one.
When do I use no one versus nothing?
Utilizzo no one (oppure nobody) when you are talking about zero people. Use nothing when you are talking about zero things.
Are these words always singular?
Yes, even though they refer to multiple people or things (like everyone), these words always take a singular verb. For example: Everyone is here. (non are).
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