What does ‘too’ mean in English?
Мы используем too to say that something is more than necessary, more than wanted, or more than possible.
- It means ‘excessively’ or ‘more than sufficient’.
- We always put too до an adjective or an adverb.
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Мы используем enough to say that something is sufficient, or the correct amount.
- It means 'sufficiently' or 'as much as needed'.
- We put enough после an adjective or an adverb.
- We put enough до a noun (countable or uncountable).
What about 'not enough'?
When we use not enough, it means something is less than necessary or less than wanted.
- It expresses a lack of something.
- The word order rules are the same as for enough: после an adjective/adverb, and до a noun.
Word Order: 'Too' and 'Enough' Summary
The position of too и enough is very important. Look at these patterns:
| Structure | Пример |
|---|---|
| too + adjective | This coffee is too hot. |
| too + adverb | You are driving too fast. |
| adjective + enough | Are you warm enough? |
| adverb + enough | He didn't run fast enough. |
| enough + noun | We have enough chairs. |
| not + adjective + enough | She isn't tall enough. |
| not + enough + noun | There isn't enough water. |
Примеры
- This soup is too hot to eat.
- He drives too fast.
- Are you warm enough?
- She isn't old enough to vote.
- We have enough food for everyone.
- There isn't enough space in this car.
- I don't have enough time to finish this.
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Spanish speakers often make mistakes with the word order of enough, especially with adjectives.
- Неправильно: I am enough strong.
- Правильно: I am strong enough. (Adjective + enough)
Помните, что enough always comes AFTER adjectives and adverbs, but BEFORE nouns.
- Неправильно: We have money enough.
- Правильно: We have enough money. (Enough + Noun)
Also, be careful not to confuse too с very. Very just means 'a lot', but too means 'more than is good or wanted'.
- It's very cold. (Just a fact, it's very cold.)
- It's too cold. (It's so cold that I can't do something, like go outside.)
Часто задаваемые вопросы
What is the main difference between 'too' and 'enough'?
Основное отличие заключается в том, что too means 'more than necessary or desired', while enough means 'sufficient' or 'the right amount'. Not enough means 'less than necessary'.
Can I use 'too' with nouns?
No, we usually use too much with uncountable nouns (e.g., too much sugar) и too many with countable nouns (e.g., too many people). We use too directly before adjectives and adverbs.
Is the word order for 'too' and 'enough' always the same?
No, the word order changes. Too always comes до adjectives and adverbs (e.g., too slow). Enough появляется после adjectives and adverbs (e.g., slow enough) but до nouns (e.g., enough time).
How might 'too' and 'enough' appear in the A2 Key exam?
На экзамене A2 Key вам могут встретиться too и enough in Reading and Writing Part 6 (Open Cloze) or Part 7 (Word Transformation), where you need to complete sentences or rewrite them using these words correctly to express degree.
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