Что такое сравнительные наречия?

Comparative adverbs are words that describe how an action is performed. They help us compare two actions.

• They tell us if someone does something faster, more carefully, или less often чем кто-то другой.
• They always modify verbs, not nouns.

Как образуются сравнительные наречия?

The way we form comparative adverbs depends on the adverb's length.

• Short Adverbs (usually one syllable): Добавить -er до конца.
• Например: fast → faster, hard → harder, late → later.
• Long Adverbs (usually two or more syllables, often ending in -ly): Использование more или less перед наречием.
• Например: carefully → more carefully, slowly → less slowly, easily → more easily.
• Неправильные наречия: Some adverbs have special comparative forms.
• Например: well → better, badly → worse, far → farther / further.

Using 'Than' with Comparative Adverbs

When we compare two actions directly, we often use the word than после сравнительного наречия.

• This word helps to clearly show what two things or people are being compared.
• Например, She runs faster than her brother.

Примеры

• My car drives faster than yours.
• He speaks English more fluently now.
• She arrived later than everyone else.
• You should work harder if you want to pass the exam.
• The new student writes more neatly than the old one.
• I sleep better after exercising.
• They performed worse in the second half of the game.

Практика

Распространенные ошибки у носителей испанского языка

Spanish speakers sometimes make common mistakes with comparative adverbs:

• Confusing Adjectives and Adverbs: Remember, adverbs describe verbs (actions), while adjectives describe nouns (things/people).
• Неправильно: He drives more careful. (Careful is an adjective)
• Правильно: He drives more carefully. (Carefully is an adverb)
• Using 'More' with Short Adverbs: Не использовать more with short adverbs that take -er.
• Неправильно: She runs more fast.
• Правильно: She runs faster.
• Direct Translation of 'Más': Avoid directly translating 'más' before an adverb if it's a short adverb.
• Неправильно: He works more hard.
• Правильно: He works harder.

Часто задаваемые вопросы

What is the main purpose of a comparative adverb?

The main purpose of a comparative adverb is to compare two actions, showing how one action is done differently or to a greater or lesser degree than another. For example, He learns faster than she does.

How do I form comparative adverbs for words ending in -ly?

For adverbs ending in -ly, you form the comparative by placing more или less before the adverb. For example, quickly становится more quickly, и loudly становится less loudly.

Are there any irregular comparative adverbs?

Yes, there are a few irregular comparative adverbs. The most common ones are well which becomes better, badly which becomes worse, и far which can become farther или further.

Can I use 'more' with short adverbs like 'fast'?

No, you should not use more with short adverbs like fast. For these adverbs, you simply add -er to the end. So, fast становится faster, а не more fast.

How are comparative adverbs used in the A2 Key exam?

In the A2 Key (KET) exam, you might encounter comparative adverbs in Reading and Writing tasks, such as sentence transformation exercises where you need to rewrite a sentence using a comparative adverb to maintain the original meaning, or in gap-fill activities.

Связанные уроки

• Comparative adverbs