What are ‘Was’ and ‘Were’?
Was и were are special words in English. They are the past forms of the verb to be.
We use them to talk about things that happened before now. For example, yesterday, last week, or a long time ago.
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When Do We Use ‘Was’?
Мы используем was when the subject is singular. This means we are talking about one person or one thing.
- Использование was with:
- I
- He (for a boy or man)
- She (for a girl or woman)
- It (for an animal or thing)
When Do We Use ‘Were’?
Мы используем were when the subject is plural. This means we are talking about more than one person or thing.
- Использование were with:
- You (for one person or many people)
- We (you and other people)
- They (other people, animals, or things)
How to Make Sentences with ‘Was’ and ‘Were’
It’s easy to make sentences using was и were. Just remember the subject and the past form.
Positive Sentences
Use: Subject + was / were + information.
- I was happy.
- They were at school.
Negative Sentences
Use: Subject + was not / were not + information.
We often use short forms: wasn’t и weren’t.
- She was not tired. (или She wasn’t tired.)
- We were not ready. (или We weren’t ready.)
Questions
To ask a question, put was или were в начале предложения.
- Was he here? (Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.)
- Were you busy? (Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.)
For ‘Wh-‘ questions (like where, what), put the ‘Wh-‘ word first.
- Where was she?
- What were they doing?
| Тема | Past Form |
|---|---|
| I | was |
| He | was |
| She | was |
| It | was |
| You | were |
| We | were |
| They | were |
Примеры
- I was at home yesterday.
- He was a good student.
- She was tired last night.
- It was sunny this morning.
- You were very kind.
- We were friends in primary school.
- They were late for the meeting.
- My cat was sleeping on the sofa.
- The books were on the table.
- Was your brother here?
- Were they happy with the results?
- I wasn’t hungry.
- We weren’t at the party.
Практика
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Распространенные ошибки у носителей испанского языка
Люди, говорящие по-испански, иногда допускают следующие ошибки:
- Using the wrong form: Помните, was is for I, he, she, it и were is for you, we, they. It is incorrect to say I were happy или You was sad.
- Forgetting ‘to be’ in the past: In English, you always need was или were to describe a past state or location. Do not say I happy yesterday (incorrect). Say I was happy yesterday (correct).
- Confusing ‘ser’ and ‘estar’: In Spanish, you have ‘ser’ and ‘estar’. In English, was и were cover both ideas in the past. For example, I was a student (Yo era estudiante) and I was at home (Yo estaba en casa) both use was.
Часто задаваемые вопросы
What is the difference between was and were?
The difference is the subject. We use was for singular subjects (I, he, she, it). We use were for plural subjects (you, we, they).
Can was and were be used for both ‘ser’ and ‘estar’ in Spanish?
Yes, exactly! In English, was и were are the past forms of to be, which covers both the meanings of ‘ser’ and ‘estar’ in the past. For example, She was a doctor (Ella era médica) and She was in the hospital (Ella estaba en el hospital).
How do I make a question with was or were?
To make a question, you put was или were at the beginning of the sentence, before the subject. For example, Was he busy? или Were they ready?
What are the short forms for was not and were not?
The short form for was not является wasn’t. The short form for were not является weren’t. These are very common in spoken English.
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