What is the Present Perfect Tense?
The Present Perfect tense helps us talk about actions that started in the past and are still true now. It connects the past with the present.
We form the Present Perfect with have или has and the past participle of the main verb.
- I have lived here.
- She has worked a lot.
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When Do We Use 'For'?
Мы используем for to say *how long* something has happened. It tells us the total amount of time, or the duration.
Think of for as answering the question 'How long?'.
- Мы используем for with periods of time:
- for two hours
- for three days
- for five years
- for a long time
When Do We Use 'Since'?
Мы используем since to say *when* something started. It tells us the exact starting point in time.
Think of since as answering the question 'When did it start?'.
- Мы используем since with specific points in time:
- since Monday
- since 2020
- since last week
- since I was a child
How Are 'For' and 'Since' Different?
Основное отличие заключается в том, что for tells you the length of time, and since tells you the beginning of that time.
- For = duration (how long)
- Since = starting point (when it began)
Look at these examples to see the difference clearly:
- I have lived here for ten years. (Duration: 10 years)
- I have lived here since 2014. (Starting point: the year 2014)
| Для | Since |
|---|---|
| Duration | Starting Point |
| How long? | When did it start? |
| a week | Monday |
| two years | 2022 |
| three hours | 6 o'clock |
Примеры
- I have known him for a long time.
- She has worked at Langcom since January.
- They have been married for twenty years.
- We haven't seen them since last summer.
- He has played the guitar for five months.
- My brother has lived in London since he finished university.
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A common mistake for Spanish speakers is to use the Present Simple or Past Simple instead of the Present Perfect with for и since.
- Неправильно: I live here for two years.
- Правильно: I have lived here for two years.
Another mistake is confusing for и since. Remember, for is for the length of time, and since is for the moment it started.
- Неправильно: I have studied English since three months. (Use for with 'three months' because it's a duration.)
- Правильно: I have studied English for three months.
- Правильно: I have studied English since March. (Use since with 'March' because it's a starting point.)
Часто задаваемые вопросы
Can I use 'for' and 'since' with other tenses?
No, for A1 English, you will primarily use for и since with the Present Perfect tense to talk about actions that started in the past and continue now.
What is the difference between 'for a long time' and 'since a long time'?
You should always say for a long time. A long time is a duration, so we use for. Мы не говорим since a long time.
Is 'have been' the same as 'have lived'?
Not exactly. Have been is the Present Perfect of the verb to be. Have lived is the Present Perfect of the verb to live. Both can be used with for и since. Например, I have been here for an hour или I have lived here for an hour.
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