What are “some,” “any,” and “no” in English?

Em inglês, some, any, e no are words we use to talk about quantities. They tell us if there is a small amount, zero amount, or if we are asking about an amount.

We use them when we don’t know the exact number or when the exact number is not important. They can be used alone or with other words like -one, -body, -thing, e -where.

When do we use "some"?

Utilizamos some in positive sentences. It means "a small amount" or "an unspecified number."

• For positive statements:
  • I have some books.
  • There is some water in the bottle.
• For offers or requests, when we expect a "yes" answer:
  • Would you like some coffee? (Offer)
  • Can I have some help, please? (Request)

Também utilizamos some with -one, -body, -thing, e -where:

• Someone / Somebody (a person): Someone is at the door.
• Something (an object/idea): I need something to eat.
• Somewhere (a place): Let's go somewhere nice.

When do we use "any"?

Utilizamos any in questions and in negative sentences. It means "zero amount" or "it doesn't matter which."

• For questions:
  • Do you have any brothers or sisters?
  • Is there any milk?
• For negative sentences (with not):
  • I don't have any money.
  • There isn't any sugar.

Também utilizamos any with -one, -body, -thing, e -where:

• Anyone / Anybody (a person): Is anyone home?
• Anything (an object/idea): I don't want anything.
• Anywhere (a place): We can't go anywhere today.

When do we use "no"?

Utilizamos no to express a negative meaning, but with a positive verb. It means "zero" or "not any."

• For negative statements (with a positive verb):
  • I have no time. (This means I don't have any time.)
  • There are no students in the class. (This means There aren't any students in the class.)

Também utilizamos no with -one, -body, -thing, e -where:

• No one / Nobody (a person): No one is here.
• Nothing (an object/idea): I have nothing to do.
• Nowhere (a place): There's nowhere to sit.

Exemplos

• I need some help with my homework.
• Do you have any questions for me?
• There is no food in the fridge.
• Would you like some tea?
• She doesn't want anything to drink.
• Someone left their bag here.
• Is there anyone in the office?
• We went nowhere interesting last weekend.
• I saw something strange in the sky.
• There are no problems.

Prática

Erros comuns entre falantes de espanhol

Spanish speakers sometimes make a common mistake with any e no. In Spanish, it's common to use two negative words in one sentence, like No tengo nada (literally "I don't have nothing").

In English, we only use ONE negative word per clause. This is called avoiding a "double negative."

• Incorreto: I don't have nothing.
• Correto: I don't have anything. (Aqui, don't is the negative word.)
• Correto: I have nothing. (Aqui, nothing is the negative word, and the verb have is positive.)

Remember: If you use not (like don't, isn't), you must use any, anyone, anything, anywhere. If you use no, no one, nothing, nowhere, the verb must be positive.

Perguntas frequentes

Can I use 'some' in a question?

Sim, você pode usar some in questions when you are offering something or making a request, and you expect a positive answer. For example, Would you like some water? ou Can I have some bread?

What is the difference between 'no one' and 'nobody'?

For A1 level, there is no real difference. No one e nobody mean the same thing: zero people. You can use either. For example, No one is here ou Nobody is here.

Why can't I say 'I don't have nothing'?

In English, we avoid using two negative words in the same sentence. This is called a 'double negative.' If you use don't (a negative verb), you must use anything. So, I don't have anything is correct. Or, you can say I have nothing, where nothing is the negative word, and the verb have is positive.