What is the Present Perfect Tense?
The Present Perfect tense helps us talk about actions that started in the past and are still true now. It connects the past with the present.
We form the Present Perfect with have または has and the past participle of the main verb.
- I have lived here.
- She has worked a lot.
When Do We Use 'For'?
当社では for to say *how long* something has happened. It tells us the total amount of time, or the duration.
Think of for as answering the question 'How long?'.
- 当社では for with periods of time:
- for two hours
- for three days
- for five years
- for a long time
When Do We Use 'Since'?
当社では since to say *when* something started. It tells us the exact starting point in time.
Think of since as answering the question 'When did it start?'.
- 当社では since with specific points in time:
- since Monday
- since 2020
- since last week
- since I was a child
How Are 'For' and 'Since' Different?
主な違いは、 for tells you the length of time, and since tells you the beginning of that time.
- For = duration (how long)
- Since = starting point (when it began)
Look at these examples to see the difference clearly:
- I have lived here for ten years. (Duration: 10 years)
- I have lived here since 2014. (Starting point: the year 2014)
| ～について | Since |
|---|---|
| Duration | Starting Point |
| How long? | When did it start? |
| a week | Monday |
| two years | 2022 |
| three hours | 6 o'clock |
例
- I have known him for a long time.
- She has worked at Langcom since January.
- They have been married for twenty years.
- We haven't seen them since last summer.
- He has played the guitar for five months.
- My brother has lived in London since he finished university.
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A common mistake for Spanish speakers is to use the Present Simple or Past Simple instead of the Present Perfect with for そして since.
- 誤り： I live here for two years.
- 正しい： I have lived here for two years.
Another mistake is confusing for そして since. Remember, for is for the length of time, and since is for the moment it started.
- 誤り： I have studied English since three months. (Use for with 'three months' because it's a duration.)
- 正しい： I have studied English for three months.
- 正しい： I have studied English since March. (Use since with 'March' because it's a starting point.)
よくある質問
Can I use 'for' and 'since' with other tenses?
No, for A1 English, you will primarily use for そして since with the Present Perfect tense to talk about actions that started in the past and continue now.
What is the difference between 'for a long time' and 'since a long time'?
You should always say for a long time. A long time is a duration, so we use for. We do not say since a long time.
Is 'have been' the same as 'have lived'?
Not exactly. Have been is the Present Perfect of the verb to be. Have lived is the Present Perfect of the verb to live. Both can be used with for そして since. 例えば、, I have been here for an hour または I have lived here for an hour.
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