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How do we make ‘be’ negative for ‘he’, ‘she’, and ‘they’?

To make a sentence negative with the verb be, we simply add the word not その後 is または are.

• ～について he そして she, we use is not.
• ～について they, we use are not.

We often use shorter forms called contractions in everyday English. These are:

• is not ～になる isn’t
• are not ～になる aren’t

How do we ask 'yes/no' questions with 'be'?

To ask a question that can be answered with 'yes' or 'no', we change the word order of the sentence. We put Is または Are at the beginning.

• The structure is: Is/Are + subject (he/she/they) + rest of the sentence?

When someone asks a 'yes/no' question with be, you can give a short answer.

• For positive answers, use Yes, + subject + is/are. Do not use contractions here.
• For negative answers, use No, + subject + isn't/aren't. We usually use contractions here.

How do we ask 'Wh-' questions with 'be'?

'Wh-' questions ask for specific information, not just 'yes' or 'no'. Common 'Wh-' words include who, what, where, 、および when.

• The structure is: Wh- word + is/are + subject (he/she/they) + rest of the sentence?

Summary of 'Be' Forms for He, She, They

Subject	Positive	Negative	Yes/No Question	Wh- Question Example
He	He is happy.	He isn't happy.	Is he happy?	Where is he?
She	She is a student.	She isn't a student.	Is she a student?	Who is she?
They	They are friends.	They aren't friends.	Are they friends?	What are they?

例

• He isn't from Italy.
• She is not a doctor.
• They aren't sad.
• Is he happy? Yes, he is.
• Is she a teacher? No, she isn't.
• Are they students? Yes, they are.
• Where is he?
• Who is she?
• What are they?

練習

スペイン語話者がよく犯す間違い

スペイン語話者が犯しがちな間違い

When learning English, Spanish speakers sometimes make specific mistakes with be negative and questions:

• Missing Subject Pronoun: In Spanish, you often don't need a subject pronoun. In English, you always need one.
  • 誤り： Is happy?
  • 正しい： Is he happy?
• Incorrect Word Order for Questions: In English, the verb be moves to the beginning for questions.
  • 誤り： He is happy?
  • 正しい： Is he happy?
• Using Contractions in Positive Short Answers: We do not use contractions for positive short answers.
  • 誤り： Yes, he's.
  • 正しい： Yes, he is.
• 'Not' in the Wrong Place: その言葉 not 常にその後に続く is または are.
  • 誤り： Not he is happy.
  • 正しい： He is not happy. または He isn't happy.

よくある質問

What does the verb 'be' mean?

The verb be means "ser" or "estar" in Spanish. It helps us talk about who someone is, what something is, where someone is, or how someone feels.

Why do we use contractions like 'isn't' and 'aren't'?

Contractions are very common in spoken English and in informal writing. They make sentences sound more natural and help you speak more quickly.

Can I always say 'is not' or 'are not' instead of 'isn't' or 'aren't'?

Yes, you can. The full forms is not そして are not are always correct. They are often used in more formal writing or when you want to emphasize the 'not'.

Do these rules apply to 'I' and 'you' too?

Yes, the basic idea is similar. For I, you use am not (I'm not) and for questions, Am I...? ～について you, you use are not (you aren't) and for questions, Are you...?

関連レッスン

• Be: present simple forms
• Be: present simple forms
• Be: present simple forms
• Be: present simple forms