Was sind Some-, Any-, Every-, und No-?
These words are called indefinite pronouns or adverbs. They refer to people, things, or places without saying exactly who, what, or where they are.
We use them to talk about quantities in different types of sentences: positive, negative, or questions.
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When do we use Some-?
Wir verwenden some- words in positive sentences. They mean 'an unspecified amount or number'.
- Verwendung someone oder somebody for people. Example: Someone is at the door.
- Verwendung something for things. Example: I need something to drink.
- Verwendung somewhere for places. Example: Let's go somewhere nice.
We also use some- words in questions when we expect a 'yes' answer, or when we are offering or requesting something.
When do we use Any-?
Wir verwenden any- words mainly in questions and negative sentences. They mean 'no matter who, what, or where'.
- Verwendung anyone oder anybody for people. Example: Is anyone home? oder I don't see anyone.
- Verwendung anything for things. Example: Do you have anything to eat? oder She didn't say anything.
- Verwendung anywhere for places. Example: Can we go anywhere? oder I can't find my keys anywhere.
When do we use Every-?
Wir verwenden every- words to talk about all people, things, or places in a group. They mean 'all' or 'each one'.
- Verwendung everyone oder everybody for people. Example: Everyone is happy today.
- Verwendung everything for things. Example: Everything is ready for the party.
- Verwendung everywhere for places. Example: I looked everywhere for my phone.
When do we use No-?
Wir verwenden no- words in positive sentences to give them a negative meaning. They mean 'zero' or 'not any'.
- Verwendung no one oder nobody for people. Example: No one came to the meeting.
- Verwendung nothing for things. Example: I have nothing to do.
- Verwendung nowhere for places. Example: There's nowhere to sit.
Remember, we do not use no- words with a negative verb (like don't oder isn't). This creates a double negative, which is incorrect in standard English.
| Category | <span data-no-translation>Some-</span> | <span data-no-translation>Any-</span> | <span data-no-translation>Every-</span> | <span data-no-translation>No-</span> |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| People | someone / somebody | anyone / anybody | everyone / everybody | no one / nobody |
| Things | something | anything | everything | nothing |
| Places | somewhere | anywhere | everywhere | nowhere |
| Usage | Positive sentences, offers, requests | Questions, negative sentences | All people/things/places | Zero people/things/places (with positive verb) |
Beispiele
- I saw someone at the park.
- Do you have anything interesting to read?
- Everyone enjoyed the concert.
- She found her keys nowhere in the house.
- Would you like something to drink?
- I didn't go anywhere last weekend.
- Everything will be fine.
- There is nothing in the fridge.
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A common mistake for Spanish speakers is using a double negative. In Spanish, you might say "No tengo nada." (literally "I don't have nothing"). However, in English, you must choose one negative word:
- Falsch: I don't have nothing.
- Richtig: I have nothing. (Using no- word with a positive verb)
- Richtig: I don't have anything. (Using any- word with a negative verb)
Always use only one negative word in an English sentence.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
What is the main difference between some- und any-?
Wir verwenden some- words in positive sentences, offers, and requests. We use any- words in questions and negative sentences.
Can I use somebody statt someone?
Ja, somebody und someone mean the same thing and are interchangeable. The same applies to anybody/anyone und everybody/everyone, und nobody/no one.
When do I use no one versus nothing?
Verwendung no one (oder nobody) when you are talking about zero people. Use nothing when you are talking about zero things.
Are these words always singular?
Yes, even though they refer to multiple people or things (like everyone), these words always take a singular verb. For example: Everyone is here. (nicht are).
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