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对于B2级学习者来说，哪些是必备的金融词汇？

要想有效地讨论金融话题，你需要掌握一些特定的名词和名词短语。这些词语描述了金钱和财务状况的各个方面。.

• Debt: 这是你欠另一个人或组织的钱。许多人都有 debt 来自贷款或信用卡。.

• Interest rate: 这是对您借入的资金所收取的百分比，或是您存入的资金所获得的百分比。越高 interest rate 这意味着你需要为贷款支付更多费用。.

• Budget: A budget 是一份财务计划。它估算了您的预期 income 以及某一期间的费用。您还可以使用 budget 作为动词，意为规划开支。.

• Savings: 这就是你存起来而没有花掉的钱。人们通常会把他们的 savings 存入银行账户，以备将来使用。.

• Investment: 一个 investment 是指出于期望其能产生收益而购买的资产或物品 income 或未来可能升值。例如股票、债券或房产。.

• Income: 这是您从工作、投资或其他来源获得的收入，通常是定期获得的。您的工资是一种 income.

• Donations: 这是指捐赠给慈善机构或组织的金钱或物品。许多人会进行 donations 以支持公益事业。.

我们该如何用搭配来谈论理财？

除了单个词汇外，英语中还有许多搭配（即经常一起使用的词组）来描述金融活动。掌握这些短语，会让你的英语听起来更自然。.

• Pay off: 这指的是将某件事所欠的全部款项付清。例如，, pay off a loan 或 pay off your credit card debt.

• Make a living: 这句话的意思是赚够钱来养活自己和家人。例如，, She makes a living as a freelance writer.

• Put aside savings: 这指的是为了特定目的或为将来而定期存钱。你可以 put aside savings for a new car.

• Award a grant: A grant 是指某组织提供的资金，通常用于研究或某个特定项目。用于 award a grant 是指通过正规渠道提供这笔钱。.

• Donate to charity: 这指的是向帮助有需要的人的组织捐赠金钱、食物或衣物。许多人 donate to charity 节假日期间。.

• Debit an account: 当一家银行 debits an account, ，它会从中扣除资金。当你进行付款或提取现金时，就会发生这种情况。.

• Finance a project: 这指的是为某个项目或活动提供所需的资金。银行可能会 finance a project 用于新业务。.

B2级金融必备词汇

词语 / 短语	词性	简明定义
Debt	Noun	Money that is owed to someone.
Interest rate	Noun phrase	The cost of borrowing money or the return on savings, as a percentage.
Budget	Noun / Verb	A financial plan for income and expenses.
Savings	Noun (plural)	Money kept for future use.
Investment	Noun	Money used to gain profit.
Income	Noun	Money received, especially regularly, for work or through investments.
Donations	Noun (plural)	Gifts of money or goods to a charity.
Pay off	Phrasal verb	To finish paying money owed.
Make a living	Collocation	To earn enough money to live.
Put aside savings	Collocation	To save money for later.
Award a grant	Collocation	To officially give a sum of money for a purpose.
Donate to charity	Collocation	To give money or goods to an organization that helps people.
Debit an account	Collocation	To remove money from a bank account.
Finance a project	Collocation	To provide money for a project.

示例

• Many students graduate with significant student loan debt.
• The central bank decided to raise the interest rate to control inflation.
• It's important to create a monthly budget to track your expenses.
• She used her savings to make a down payment on a house.
• Making an investment in the stock market can be risky but rewarding.
• His main source of income comes from his online business.
• The charity relies heavily on public donations to continue its work.
• It took them ten years to finally pay off their mortgage.
• He makes a living by teaching English online.
• They put aside savings every month for their children's education.
• The foundation awarded a grant to the university for scientific research.
• You can donate to charity online or through local collection points.
• The payment will debit your account automatically on the first of the month.
• The government agreed to finance the project with a large sum of money.

练习

西班牙语母语者常犯的错误

在学习与金钱相关的词汇时，讲西班牙语的人常会犯一些常见的错误：

• 哑音： 英语中有些单词包含一些写出来但不发音的字母。请注意以下情况：

  • Debt: 字母'b'不发音。发音为 /det/。.
  • Budget：'d'不发音。发音为 /bʌdʒɪt/。.
  • Mortgage：'t'不发音。读作 /mɔːrɡɪdʒ/。.

• '赚大钱'与'赚钱'： 在西班牙语中，可能会说'hacer dinero'。在英语中，我们几乎总是使用 make money. 例如，, I want to make more money (非 I want to do more money).

• Debt vs. Loan: 这些词虽然相关，但有所不同。A loan 是指从银行借来的钱。. Debt 是指欠那笔钱的状态。你 take out a loan, ，然后就是 debt. 例如，, He took out a loan to buy a car. He is now in debt because of the car loan.

常见问题

储蓄和投资有什么区别？

Savings 是指为将来使用或应对紧急情况而妥善保管的资金，通常存放在银行里。这类资金通常风险较低，收益也较低。一种 investment 是指用于购买资产（如股票、房产或企业）以期获利的资金。. Investments 通常风险较高，但同时也可能带来更高的回报。.

'预算'是什么意思？

A budget 是一份财务计划。它估算了您的预期 income （您收到的钱）和您在特定时期（例如一个月）内的计划支出（您花的钱）。制定一个 budget 帮助您管理资金并避免 debt.

为什么“金钱”相关的词汇对B2级学习者很重要？

在B2级别，你需要讨论诸如时事、个人理财和全球经济等复杂话题。掌握丰富的金融词汇，能让你更有效、更准确地用英语理解财经新闻、参与经济问题的讨论，并管理好自己的财务生活。.

我该如何提高自己的金融词汇量？

为了提高水平，可以阅读财经新闻报道，收听关于经济或个人理财的播客，并观看相关主题的纪录片。在口语和写作中，尽量运用新词汇和搭配。注意母语者在具体语境中是如何使用这些词汇的。.

相关课程

• 金钱词汇