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What Does ‘It’ Mean?

It is a pronoun. We use it to talk about:

• One thing: It’s a book.
• One animal: It’s a cat.
• One idea or situation: It’s interesting.

We do not use it for people. For people, we use he (for a man/boy) or she (for a woman/girl).

How Do We Use 'It's'?

It's is the short form of it is. We use it's for positive sentences.

• To describe something: It's big.
• To say what something is: It's a phone.
• To talk about the weather: It's sunny.

使用方法 it's makes your English sound more natural, especially in speaking.

How Do We Use 'It Isn't'?

It isn't is the short form of it is not. We use it isn't for negative sentences.

• To say something is not true: It isn't correct.
• To say what something is not: It isn't a car.
• To say something is not in a place: It isn't here.

You can also say it's not, which means the same as it isn't. 例えば、, It's not cold.

Asking Questions with 'Is It...?'

To ask a question about a singular thing, animal, or idea, we put is 以前 it.

• Is it a new house?
• Is it expensive?
• Is it in Spain?

These are 'Yes/No' questions because the answer is usually 'Yes' or 'No'.

Giving Short Answers with 'It Is' / 'It Isn't'

When someone asks a 'Yes/No' question with Is it...?, you can give a short answer:

• For 'Yes': Yes, it is.
• For 'No': No, it isn't.

It is important to use the full form it is in positive short answers. Do NOT use Yes, it's.

Summary of 'Be' Forms for 'It' and 'They'

	Positive (+)	Negative (-)	Question (?)	Short Answer (+)	Short Answer (-)
it	It's a new house.	It isn't a new house.	Is it a new house?	Yes, it is.	No, it isn't.
they	They're old houses.	They aren't old houses.	Are they old houses?	Yes, they are.	No, they aren't.

例

• It's a beautiful day today.
• It isn't a difficult question.
• Is it your first time here?
• No, it isn't. I was here last year.
• It's very hot in summer.
• It isn't far from the city center.

練習

スペイン語話者がよく犯す間違い

Spanish speakers often make these mistakes:

• Omitting 'it': In Spanish, you can often leave out the subject pronoun. In English, you must always use it when talking about a thing, animal, or idea.
  Is good. ✗
  It's good. ✓
• Using 'is' without 'it' in questions:
  Is in Canada? ✗
  Is it in Canada? ✓
• Using contractions in positive short answers:
  Yes, it's. ✗
  Yes, it is. ✓

よくある質問

When do I use 'it's' and when do I use 'its'?

It's is a contraction of it is または it has. 例えば、, It's a book. Its is a possessive pronoun, meaning 'belonging to it'. For example, The dog wagged its tail.

Can I use 'it' for a baby?

Sometimes, people use it for a baby if they don't know the baby's gender. For example, It's a beautiful baby! However, it's more common and polite to use he または she if you know the gender, or they if you don't.

Is 'it's not' the same as 'it isn't'?

はい、, it's not そして it isn't mean exactly the same thing. Both are common in spoken and informal written English. For example, It's not cold そして It isn't cold are both correct.

関連レッスン

• Be: present simple forms
• Be: present simple forms
• Be: present simple forms
• Be: present simple forms