Past time expressions tell us when something happened in the past. They are very important for talking about events that are finished. At A1 level, you will learn common phrases like yesterday, last week, and two days ago. These expressions help you make simple sentences about past actions or states, often with the past simple tense. For example, you can say I was at home yesterday または We visited London last month. Using these phrases correctly will make your English clearer and help others understand your stories about the past. They are fundamental building blocks for basic communication in English.
What are Past Time Expressions?
Past time expressions are words or phrases that tell you when something happened. They point to a specific moment or period in the past.
These expressions are essential for talking about finished actions or situations. They help you organize your sentences when you speak or write about the past.
Using ‘Yesterday’ and Specific Days
その言葉 yesterday refers to the day before today.
- I was busy yesterday.
- They went to the park yesterday morning.
You can also use specific days of the week to talk about the past.
- We had a meeting on Monday. (If today is Tuesday or later)
- She called me on Sunday.
Using ‘Last’ for Past Time
We use last with words like week, month, year, or a specific day like Saturday to talk about the period immediately before now.
- Last week means the week before this week.
- Last month means the month before this month.
- Last year means the year before this year.
- Last Saturday means the Saturday before today.
Using ‘Ago’ for Past Time
We use ago to say how much time has passed since an event. It always comes after the time period.
- Two days ago means two days before now.
- Three weeks ago means three weeks before now.
- A year ago means one year before now.
Remember the order: number + time period + ago.
Why Are These Expressions Important?
Learning these past time expressions helps you build basic sentences in English. They are crucial for telling stories, describing past events, and answering questions about when things happened.
These expressions work well with the past simple tense, which you will learn more about as you continue your English journey.
| Expression | Meaning / How to Use |
|---|---|
| yesterday | The day before today. |
| last week | The week before this one. |
| last month | The month before this one. |
| last year | The year before this one. |
| last Saturday | The Saturday before today. |
| two days ago | Two days before now. (Use: number + time + ago) |
| a week ago | One week before now. |
| an hour ago | One hour before now. |
Examples
- I bought a new book yesterday.
- She was at the cinema last night.
- We visited our grandparents last weekend.
- They started their new job three months ago.
- My birthday was last Monday.
- He moved to Spain five years ago.
- The train left an hour ago.
Practice
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WhatsAppでアドバイザーとチャットCommon mistakes for Spanish speakers
Spanish speakers sometimes make these mistakes:
- Incorrect word order with ‘ago’: In Spanish, you might say “hace dos días.” In English, ago comes after the time.
✗ I saw him ago two days.
✓ I saw him two days ago. - Using ‘the’ with ‘last’:
✗ I went to the beach the last week.
✓ I went to the beach last week. - Confusing ‘last’ and ‘ago’: Last week means the week immediately before this one. A week ago means exactly seven days before today. They can sometimes be similar but are not always interchangeable.
よくある質問
What is the difference between ‘last week’ and ‘a week ago’?
Last week refers to the whole week before the current one (e.g., if today is Wednesday, last week means Monday-Sunday of the previous week). A week ago means exactly seven days before today.
Can I use ‘yesterday’ with ‘morning’, ‘afternoon’, or ‘evening’?
Yes, you can! You can say yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, 、または yesterday evening to be more specific about the time.
Do I need ‘on’ before ‘last Monday’?
No, we usually do not use on 以前 last Monday または last Tuesday. Just say I saw him last Monday. However, you do use on before specific days without last, like I saw him on Monday.
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